Description
The HIV-1/2 Antigen and Antibodies Test (4th Generation) is a highly sensitive and accurate blood test used to detect HIV infection. It identifies both HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies as well as the HIV-1 p24 antigen, enabling detection of early (acute) and chronic HIV infection.
CDC Testing Recommendations:
- All adults (ages 13–64): At least once as part of routine healthcare
- Pregnant individuals: As early as possible during pregnancy
- People at higher risk: Annually or more often (e.g., multiple sexual partners, injection drug use, etc.)
- Refugees resettling in the U.S.: Routine HIV screening is required
Key Features of the 4th Generation HIV Test:
- Detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies
- Detects HIV-1 p24 antigen, which appears earlier than antibodies after infection
- Earlier detection than previous-generation tests—typically within 2–4 weeks after exposure
Test Details:
- Sample Type: Blood
- Fasting Required: No
Why This Test is Important:
- Early detection of HIV helps initiate treatment sooner, which can improve long-term health outcomes and reduce the risk of transmission to others.
- This test is the standard of care recommended by public health authorities, including the CDC and WHO.
