Description
The Sickle Cell Screen Blood Test is used to detect sickle hemoglobin (HbS) in the blood. Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder in which red blood cells can assume a crescent or sickle shape, leading to anemia, pain, and other complications.
This screening test helps identify individuals who carry the sickle cell trait or have sickle cell disease, allowing for early intervention and management.
Purpose of the Test
- Screen for sickle cell trait (carrier status)
- Detect sickle cell disease
- Support genetic counseling and family planning
- Guide early treatment and management strategies
- Monitor individuals at risk for complications related to abnormal hemoglobin
Who Should Consider This Test?
- Newborns and children as part of routine newborn screening
- Individuals with family history of sickle cell disease or trait
- Adults considering genetic counseling or family planning
- Patients presenting with anemia, fatigue, or recurrent pain episodes
- People from ethnic groups with higher prevalence, such as African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, or Indian ancestry
What the Test Measures
- Hemoglobin Variants: Detects the presence of HbS (sickle hemoglobin) and other abnormal hemoglobins.
- Carrier Status vs. Disease: Determines if a person has sickle cell trait (one abnormal gene) or sickle cell disease (two abnormal genes).
Positive screen: May indicate sickle cell trait or disease and typically requires confirmatory testing.
Negative screen: Suggests absence of sickle hemoglobin and low likelihood of disease or carrier status.
Fasting Required?
No fasting required.
