Description
The Lysozyme Blood Test measures the amount of lysozyme in the blood. Lysozyme is an enzyme found primarily in certain white blood cells and is involved in the body's immune response to bacteria and inflammation.
Lysozyme levels may increase when certain immune cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages, become more active. For this reason, the test may be ordered as part of an evaluation for sarcoidosis and other granulomatous or inflammatory conditions.
What is Lysozyme?
Lysozyme is an enzyme that helps the immune system break down the cell walls of certain bacteria. It is produced by several types of cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages.
Changes in blood lysozyme levels can occur when these cells are increased or unusually active.
Why Order a Lysozyme Test?
A healthcare provider may include a lysozyme test when investigating:
- Sarcoidosis
- Granulomatous inflammatory disorders
- Unexplained systemic inflammation
- Certain chronic infections
- Some hematologic disorders
- Certain leukemias, particularly those involving monocytic cells
Lysozyme and Sarcoidosis
Lysozyme is sometimes tested along with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) when sarcoidosis is being considered. Sarcoidosis causes granulomas—organized collections of inflammatory cells—that can affect the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, skin, and other organs.
Neither lysozyme nor ACE is specific enough to diagnose sarcoidosis by itself. These tests are generally considered supportive laboratory findings and are interpreted along with symptoms, imaging, examination findings, and other testing.
Who May Consider This Test?
This test may be considered for individuals undergoing evaluation for unexplained inflammatory or granulomatous disease or when a healthcare provider is investigating conditions associated with increased monocyte or macrophage activity.
Specimen: Blood Fasting: Not required
